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森林蒸散是森林生态系统水分循环最重要的环节之一,对于森林水资源合理利用有重大意义。目前,测定森林蒸散的方法有很多,主要分为实测法和估算法。文章从组织器官尺度、单株尺度、林分尺度、区域尺度4个方面简述了每种方法的优劣及适应范围和使用条件。并且指目前森林蒸散研究存在的问题和发展趋势。旨在为森林水分循环、水资源利用、植被生态恢复、森林生态系统健康评价和维护提供研究基础。
Forest evapotranspiration is one of the most important aspects of the water cycle of forest ecosystems, which is of great significance to the rational utilization of forest water resources. At present, there are many ways to measure forest evapotranspiration, which are mainly divided into the measurement method and the estimation method. The article briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method and its application range and conditions from four aspects: the scale of organ, the scale of plant, the stand scale and the regional scale. It also refers to the existing problems and trends in the study of forest evapotranspiration. It aims to provide a research basis for forest water cycle, water resources utilization, vegetation restoration and forest ecosystem health assessment and maintenance.