多民族性是我国历代地方志体现和反映的重要内容之一。在中华人民共和国成立后的首轮民族志编修过程中,各地对民族志编纂工作做了许多有益的尝试,积累了大量宝贵的经验,但也存在一些缺憾。本文从方志学、文化人类学的角度对民族志编修过程中资料的收集与运用、内容的编写、体裁的运用等方面提出思考。 Multi-nationality is one of the important contents reflected and reflected in local chronicles of all ages in our country. During the editing of the first nationality ethnography after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, many helpful attempts were made in the compilation of ethnography around the country, accumulating a great deal of valuable experience, but there were also some shortcomings. In this paper, from the perspective of local history and cultural anthropology, the author puts forward some thoughts on the collection and application of materials, the compilation of the content and the application of the genre in the process of compilation of ethnography.