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针对目前公共交通模型很少关注乘客行为和人车相互作用的问题,提出了虚拟公共交通环境的概念及其构成要素的矢量表达,进而采用Multi-agent System方法构建了车辆Agent和乘客Agent行为模型;并提出了公共交通运行中的车辆、乘客之间相互作用,以及时空变化的模拟算法,实现了虚拟公共交通环境原型系统。最后,设计了7条道路、8条公交线路、30个公交站点和1万次出行的小型公交环境作为实例验证,结果产生了车辆1428次,上下车刷卡30 436人次。通过分析总出行时间分布和对比不同发车间隔下乘客平均等待时间,发现了总出行时间分布与输入的出行需求数据相一致,且缩短发车间隔情况下各站点乘客的平均等待时间明显随之缩短。同时,通过原型系统分析了公交车辆的运行情况和乘客公交出行行为。结果表明,本文所提出的模型和算法能有效地模拟公共交通环境,便于交通管理者和科研工作者观察、处理和分析公共交通环境中所产生的数据。
In view of the fact that the public transportation model seldom pays attention to the interaction between passenger behavior and people-vehicle interaction, the concept of virtual public transportation environment and the vector representation of its components are proposed. Then, the Multi-agent System method is used to construct the behavioral model of vehicle agent and passenger agent ; And puts forward the simulation algorithm of public transportation vehicles, passengers interaction and time-space changes, and realizes the virtual public transport environment prototype system. Finally, the design of seven bus routes, eight bus lines, 30 bus stations and 10,000 bus trips as an example verifies that 1428 vehicle trips and 30 436 passengers swipe up and down the bus. By analyzing the total travel time distribution and comparing the average waiting time of passengers under different departure intervals, it is found that the total travel time distribution is consistent with the input travel demand data, and the average waiting time of passengers at each site is significantly shortened when the departure time is shortened. At the same time, the prototype system was used to analyze the operation of the bus and the transit behavior of passengers. The results show that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively simulate the public transport environment and facilitate traffic managers and researchers to observe, process and analyze the data generated in public transport environment.