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螺旋线行波管具有宽频带、高增益和高功率等优点,当今被大量应用于卫星通信系统、电子对抗系统和雷达系统。慢波组件是螺旋线行波管的关键组成部分,它的性能优劣直接决定着整管水平。慢波组件的散热性能不仅是决定行波管平均输出功率的主要因素,也是直接影响行波管工作稳定性与可靠性的重要因素。本文针对螺旋线行波管慢波组件,总结了螺旋线慢波组件散热性能的实验测试方法和理论分析方法,分析了影响散热性能的各种因素和各种改善方法。分析比较了不同材料的螺旋线、管壳和夹持杆,不同结构的夹持杆和管壳,不同组件装配方法对慢波组件散热性能的影响。介绍了将金刚石和纳米材料等新型材料应用于螺旋线慢波组件的研究进展。
Helicoidal TWTs are widely used in satellite communication systems, electronic warfare systems and radar systems due to their advantages of wide frequency band, high gain and high power. The slow-wave component is a key component of a helical traveling wave tube, which determines the level of the whole pipe directly. The heat dissipation performance of slow wave components is not only the main factor that determines the average output power of TWT, but also an important factor that directly affects the stability and reliability of TWTS. In this paper, the experimental testing method and theoretical analysis method of the heat dissipation performance of helical slow wave components are summarized. The various factors that affect the heat dissipation performance and various improvement methods are analyzed. The effects of different materials, such as helix, tube shell and clamping rod, clamping rod and tube with different structures, and assembly methods of different components on the heat dissipation performance of the slow wave components were analyzed and compared. The application of new materials, such as diamond and nanomaterials, to helical slow wave components is introduced.