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施行Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨术或(和)双侧下颌升支矢状劈开截骨术,有矫正颌骨畸形、改善面容等明显疗效。但术中、术后并发症不可低估,轻则影响手术效果,重则危及病员生命。本文对这两种术式发生的并发症作了全面综述,包括血管方面的术中、术后大出血,颈内动静脉瘘,动静脉血栓形成,假性动脉瘤,海绵窦瘘;牙齿方面的感觉丧失,牙髓变性萎缩,牙损伤;神经方面的外展神经瘫痪,面神经损伤,下齿槽神经功能障碍;颌骨意外骨折、骨坏死、关节疼痛弹响;纵膈气肿,呼吸道梗阻,感染、术后颌畸形复发等。并对合并症的原因、预防及处理原则作了阐述。
The implementation of Le Fort Ⅰ type osteotomy or (and) bilateral sagittal split ramus mandibular ascending, with correction of jaw deformity, to improve the face and other significant effect. However, intraoperative and postoperative complications can not be underestimated, ranging from the impact of surgical results, but also endanger the lives of patients. This article provides a comprehensive review of the complications of these two procedures, including vascular intraoperative, postoperative bleeding, carotid arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm, cavernous sinus fistula; Sensory loss, atrophy of the pulp degeneration, tooth damage; neurological outreach nerve paralysis, facial nerve injury, inferior alveolar nerve dysfunction; accidental fracture of the jaw, osteonecrosis, sore joint soreness; mediastinal emphysema, airway obstruction, Infection, recurrence of jaw deformity and so on. And the causes of complications, prevention and treatment principles are described.