正如Stigler说:“直到我们理解了为什么政府会采纳这项政策,我们才有可能对如何改变这些政策提出有用的建议”。所以我们有必要在实证分析前定性地了解政府制定贸易政策的决策机制和影响因素。对外贸易政策既是一国对外政策的一部分,又是一国经济政策中的重要一环。贸易政策作为非市场决策的公共产品必然受到国家目标,国内利益集团和国际贸易体 As Stigler said: “Until we understand why the government will adopt this policy, we are likely to make useful suggestions on how to change these policies.” Therefore, it is necessary for us to understand qualitatively before the empirical analysis the decision-making mechanism and influencing factors of the government’s formulation of trade policy. Foreign trade policy is not only part of the foreign policy of a country, but also an important part of a country’s economic policy. As a public product of non-market decision-making, trade policy must be subject to national goals, domestic interest groups and international trade bodies