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目的探讨远志醇提取物对正常老年小鼠及阿尔茨海默病(AD)小鼠海马区新生神经元的生长、大脑皮层神经元纤维缠结(NFT)、淀粉样纤维弥散性老年斑(SP)病理的影响,并检测其对大脑氧化应激(OS)、β淀粉样蛋白40(Aβ40)、β淀粉样蛋白42(Aβ42)的作用。方法将9月龄小鼠按雌雄分类制作AD小鼠模型,并随机分为正常组和模型组,每组又分为安慰剂组(对照组)和给药组。采用免疫组化(IHC)法,检测齿状回颗粒细胞下层(SGZ)新生神经元生长情况;硫磺素S染色,检测小鼠海马区大脑皮层NFT、SP状况;ELISA检测小鼠大脑8-异构前列腺素、Aβ40、Aβ42水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组SGZ新生神经元生长减慢,海马区大脑皮层的NFT和SP增加明显;治疗组新生神经元生长增速明显,NFT和SP显著降低,雌性小鼠效果更显著;8-异构前列腺素、Aβ40、Aβ42水平降低显著。结论远志醇提取物能促进小鼠大脑皮层神经元生长,减少海马区大脑皮层的NFT和SP,降低大脑氧化应激、Aβ40、Aβ42水平,改善AD病理症状,维护正常神经元功能,是潜在的治疗AD的药物。
Objective To investigate the effects of Polygala tenuifolia extract on the growth of newborn neurons, neurofibrillary neurofibrosis (NFT), amyloid fibrogenic age-related plaque (SP) in hippocampus of normal aged mice and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Pathological changes and the effect on brain oxidative stress (OS), amyloid β40 (Aβ40), amyloid β42 (Aβ42). Methods 9-month-old mice were classified into male and female mice AD model and randomly divided into normal group and model group. Each group was divided into placebo group and control group. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the growth of neonate neurons in the SGZ of the dentate gyrus. Thioflavin S staining was used to detect the NFT and SP status in the cerebral cortex of hippocampus. The level of 8- Prostaglandin, Aβ40, Aβ42 levels. Results Compared with normal group, the growth of newborn neurons in SGZ model group was slowed down and the NFT and SP in hippocampus of cerebral cortex increased obviously. The growth of newborn neurons in treatment group was significantly increased, NFT and SP were significantly decreased, and the effect was more obvious in female mice. 8-isoprostaglandin, Aβ40, Aβ42 levels decreased significantly. Conclusion Polygala tenuifolia extract can promote the growth of neurons in the cerebral cortex of mice, reduce the NFT and SP in the cerebral cortex of hippocampus, decrease the oxidative stress in the hippocampus, decrease the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42, improve the pathological symptoms of AD, and maintain the function of normal neurons. Treatment of AD drugs.