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种好苜蓿首先要整地,整地好坏,对出苗影响很大。土块大、墒情不好,出苗就不整齐,易造成缺苗、断垅,幼苗生长也不健旺。影响整地质量的关键,是0—20厘米土壤深层的水分状况。因翻耕后,下层土壤被翻上,这层土壤的含水量过多,翻上的土形成泥条,会造成土块多,这种土块很难弄碎;含水不足,经过翻耕,会使耕层水分更感不足,都影响整地质量,不利播种。要保证整地质量,必须掌握好墒情及时翻耕。一般说,粘壤士这一层含水量在18—20%、粉砂壤土在20—23%比较合适。以经验测定,就是将10—20厘米土层的土,用手捏成土团,轻抛落地易散开就是合适的整地时刻,耕后要立即耙耱,这样能使土壤松散,保持土壤处于良好的水分状态。如果土壤墒情不够理想,可考虑实行免耕,改为耙地。
The first good alfalfa planting, soil preparation is good or bad, a great impact on emergence. Soil mass, soil moisture is not good, not neat emergence, easily lead to lack of seedlings, broken 垅, seedling growth is not healthy. The key to affecting the quality of the soil preparation is the deep water conditions of 0-20 cm of soil. Because of tillage, the lower soil is turned over, this layer of soil is too much water, turn over the soil to form mud, will result in more soil blocks, this soil block is difficult to break; lack of water, after tilling, Will make the soil moisture more inadequate, all affect the quality of the preparation, adverse sowing. To ensure the quality of site preparation, we must grasp the moisture content timely plowing. In general, this layer of clay loam moisture content of 18-20%, silt loam 20-23% more appropriate. Empirically determined that the 10-20 cm layer of soil, hand-kneaded into soil, light throwing floor is easy to disperse is a suitable moment of land preparation, immediately after harvesting rake, so that the soil can be loose, keep the soil in the Good water condition. If the soil moisture is not ideal enough, consider the implementation of no-tillage, to harrow.