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目的描述和解释中国八省1991～2000年营养不良、营养过剩个体在同一家庭内并存的纵向趋势及主要影响因素。方法采用“中国居民健康与营养调查”项目1991、1993、1997、2000年的调查数据。以住户为研究对象,按照0～60岁家庭成员的营养状况将住户分为正常家庭、营养不良家庭、营养过剩家庭、营养不良和营养过剩并存家庭四个类型。并存发生的纵向影响因素分析采用多水平模型。结果中国八省四年的调查住户并存率分别为7.9%、7.7%、6.0%、6.8%,随年代变化呈下降趋势(Z=2.54,P=0.0112)。1991～2000年期间,城市居住、机动车拥有、洗衣机拥有对并存的发生有持续促进作用。结论中国营养不良和营养过剩并存家庭的出现是营养状况变迁的特征之一。营养改善等项目要兼顾营养不良成员与营养过剩成员并存的复杂现实。
Objective To describe and explain the longitudinal trends and main influencing factors of coexistence of malnourished and overnutrition individuals in the same family in eight provinces of China from 1991 to 2000. Methods The survey data of “China Residents Health and Nutrition Survey” 1991, 1993, 1997 and 2000 were used. According to the nutritional status of 0 ~ 60-year-old family members, the households were divided into four categories: normal family, undernourished family, overnutrition families, malnutrition and overnutrition. The co-existence of the longitudinal impact factor analysis using multi-level model. Results The co-existence rates of the residents in the eight provinces in China during the four years were 7.9%, 7.7%, 6.0% and 6.8%, respectively, showing a declining trend with age (Z = 2.54, P = 0.0112). From 1991 to 2000, urban living, motor vehicle ownership and washing machine ownership continued to promote the co-existence. Conclusion The emergence of families with malnutrition and overnutrition in China is one of the characteristics of changes in nutritional status. Nutritional improvements and other projects should balance the complex reality of malnutrition and overnutrition.