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在非洲和一些亚洲国家高粱为重要的粮食作物,也是酿造、饲料加工和生物能源的原料。近年来高粱已成为重要的模式植物,分子生物学研究已发掘出与淀粉和蛋白的含量、可消化性、籽粒香味、花青素、单宁和前维生素含量及粒重等性状连锁的分子标记,找到了控制重要性状的关键功能基因包括糯性(wx-Sb10g002140)、淀粉含量(淀粉合成酶SSIIb基因Sb04g028060)、蛋白组分(22 k Daα-醇溶蛋白基因Sb05g024420)、籽粒花青素(myb转录因子Y-Sb01g037670和二氢黄酮醇还原酶基因Sb03g028880和Sb03g028890)、单宁(WD40-结构域蛋白TTG1基因Sb04g031730)等,为分子标记辅助选择育种和转基因途径改良高粱籽粒品质奠定了基础。
Sorghum is an important food crop in Africa and some Asian countries and is also a raw material for brewing, feed processing and bioenergy. In recent years, sorghum has become an important model plant. Molecular biological studies have uncovered molecular markers linked to starch and protein content, digestibility, grain flavor, anthocyanin, tannin and pro-vitamin content and grain weight traits (Wx-Sb10g002140), starch content (Starch synthase SSIIb gene Sb04g028060), protein component (22 k Da α-gliadin gene Sb05g024420), grain anthocyanin myb transcription factor Y-Sb01g037670 and flavonol reductase genes Sb03g028880 and Sb03g028890), tannin (WD40-domain protein TTG1 gene Sb04g031730), which laid the foundation for the improvement of sorghum grain quality by molecular marker-assisted breeding and transgenic approach.