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目的 探讨正常人不同类型视乳头及早期青光眼患者视乳头形态学特征 ,以指导青光眼的早期诊断。方法 将收集到的眼底照片分为 4组 :正常人小视乳头组 4 1只眼 ,正常人大视乳头组 4 0只眼 ,正常人大或小视乳头组 4 2只眼 ,早期开角型青光眼组 4 5只眼。利用计算机图像分析技术 ,测量视乳头、盘沿、视杯面积和周围 (每 10 0 )盘沿宽度。结果 (1)正常人不同类型视乳头组的盘沿宽度曲线均在下或上方形成双峰 ,在鼻、颞侧形成谷底。大视乳头组下方盘沿最宽 ,小视乳头组上方盘沿最宽 ,鼻侧次之 ,颞侧最窄。 (2 )早期青光眼盘沿宽度曲线下或上方双峰消失 ,其曲线低于鼻侧象限、高于颞侧象限。 (3)经多因素逐步判别分析 ,盘沿面积加杯 /盘比值的正确判断率为 85 7% ,以系列盘沿宽度为指标 ,下方偏颞侧 (6∶2 0 )和上方偏鼻侧 (1∶0 0 )两个盘沿宽度最为相关 ,其正确判断率为 90 6 %。结论 评价盘沿形态时应以其自身的鼻侧盘沿宽度作为标准 ,比较其上、下方盘沿宽度是否变窄 ,有利于生理性大视杯与早期青光眼的鉴别
Objective To investigate the morphology of optic nerve in different types of optic nerve and early glaucoma in normal subjects to guide the early diagnosis of glaucoma. Methods The fundus photographs collected were divided into 4 groups: 4 eyes of normal small papillae group, 40 eyes of normal human papilla group, 4 2 eyes of normal human or small papilla group, 4 cases of early open-angle glaucoma group 4 5 eyes. Using computer image analysis techniques, the width of the optic disc, rim, cup area and surrounding (per 100) disc widths were measured. Results (1) The curves of disc width along the optic disc in different types of normal subjects all formed bimodal peaks at the lower or upper part, and the trough formed at the nasal and temporal parts. Under the large optic disc group disc along the widest, small optic disc group along the top of the widest disc, followed by the nose, the temporal narrowest. (2) Early glaucoma disappeared along the width curve or above the double peak, the curve below the nasal quadrant, higher than the temporal quadrant. (3) According to the multi-factor stepwise discriminant analysis, the correct judgment rate of plate area / cup ratio was 85.7%. Based on the series plate width, the lower temporal side (6: 20) and the upper partial nasal side (1:0 0) The width of the two plates is the most relevant, with the correct judgment rate of 90.6%. Conclusion The evaluation of disc along the morphological morphology should be its own nasal disc along the width as a standard comparison of the upper and lower disc along the width is narrow, is conducive to the identification of Physiological Large Cup and early glaucoma