目的　为提高对AFP阴性低水平但缺乏“典型影像学表现”的肝癌 ;AFP呈低水平～阳性 ,而肿瘤组织密度似于或等于周围肝组织 ,影像学表现“呈隐形肝癌” ;以及微小肝癌 (直径≤ 2cm )的诊断率 ;肝硬化再生结节与肝癌的鉴别诊断的水平。方法　经导管肝动脉注射碘油乳剂 5～ 10ml,如术中见明显碘油沉积病灶 ,则诊断明确 ,对术中不能确诊者 ,术后 7～10d作肝脏CT扫描即可确诊。结果　 3 9例共确诊肝癌 2 4例 ,肿瘤最大直径 10 5cm ,最小 0 4cm。“隐形肝癌”9例 ,其中肝瘤最大直径 6 6cm。 5例术中见肝内门静脉Ⅱ～Ⅲ级分支显影 (肝动脉—门静脉分流 )。结论　能明显提高AFP阴性或低水平肝癌 ;“隐形肝癌”和微小肝癌的诊断率 ,对肝硬化非肿瘤性再生结节与肝癌的鉴别诊断十分容易。 The aim is to improve the AFP negative low level, but lack of “typical imaging findings” of liver cancer; AFP was low-positive, and tumor tissue density similar to or equal to the surrounding liver tissue, imaging showed “invisible liver cancer”; and small liver cancer (Diameter ≤ 2cm) diagnosis; liver cirrhosis nodules and liver cancer differential diagnosis level. Methods The transcatheter hepatic artery injection of lipiodol emulsion 5 ~ 10ml, if the surgery obvious iodized oil deposition lesions, the diagnosis is clear, the intraoperative can not be diagnosed, postoperative 7 ~ 10d liver CT scan can be confirmed. Results A total of 29 cases of liver cancer were diagnosed in 39 cases. The maximum diameter of tumor was 105 cm and the minimum was 0 4 cm. “Invisible liver cancer” in 9 cases, of which the largest diameter of liver tumor 6 6cm. Five cases of intrahepatic portal vein Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ grade imaging (hepatic artery - portal vein shunt). Conclusion The diagnosis of AFP-negative or low-grade liver cancer can be significantly improved. The diagnosis rate of “invisible hepatocellular carcinoma” and small hepatocellular carcinoma is very easy to differentiate non-neoplastic regenerative nodules of liver cirrhosis from hepatocellular carcinoma.