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汽车外环境因素对于汽车室内的温度分布具有重要的影响。基于FLUENT软件,采用数值仿真法分析了环境温度、日照强度、车外风速等热负荷对车内温度分布的影响,并考虑紊流流动和车外壳与座椅的耦合传热,对车内的流动状态和温度场分布进行了暂态分析。计算结果表明:车体表面为动态变化的非均匀温度场,车体不同位置处的表面温度梯度差别较大,最高温度部位位于车顶部,车体两侧从上到下温度逐渐递减,且车外风速越大,车体的温度越低。空调开启瞬间,车内流场为复杂的紊流流动,后排座椅周围的空气温度较前排的温度率先降低.本研究可为汽车内热舒适性优化设计提供理论依据。
Environmental factors outside the car have an important impact on the temperature distribution inside the car. Based on the FLUENT software, numerical simulation method was used to analyze the influence of ambient temperature, sunshine intensity and wind speed outside the vehicle on the temperature distribution in the vehicle, and the turbulent flow and the coupled heat transfer between the vehicle shell and the seat were considered. Flow state and temperature field distribution were transiently analyzed. The calculation results show that the surface of the car body is a dynamic non-uniform temperature field. The surface temperature gradient at different positions of the car body differs greatly. The highest temperature part is located at the roof of the car. The temperature decreases gradually from top to bottom on both sides of the car body, The greater the wind speed, the lower the body temperature. When the air conditioner is turned on, the flow field in the car is a complicated turbulent flow, and the temperature of the air around the rear seats is lower than the temperature of the front row.This study can provide theoretical basis for the optimal design of thermal comfort in the car.