又是一个世纪之交了。上一个世纪之交,大清国的君民是带着奇耻大辱,告别旧世纪,走进新世纪的。一九○○年,二千人的八国联军,居然视数万清兵如无物,长驱直入北京城,慈禧太后携带光绪皇帝和一大班后妃、王公大臣仓皇离京而去,京师沦陷、帝后出逃,这对于哪一朝代来说,都是仅次于亡国的大耻。穷极思变,到了这个时候,清廷的实际当家人慈禧,这才真正意识到要变法变制了。一九○一年元月二十九日,流亡西安的中央政府颁发上谕,宣布变法,稍后又成立了以奕劻、李鸿章牵头的督办政务处。这年的七、八月间,当时最负时望的两个封疆大吏——湖广总督张之洞和两江总督刘坤一,接连会衔上了三道奏折,提出兴学育才、变更旧法、采用西法等一系列变法变制主张。这就是中国近代史上著名的《江楚会奏三折》。三折中的种种设想,日后便成了晚清新政的基本大 It is a turn of the century. At the turn of the century, the people of the Qing dynasty took farewell with great shame and farewell to the old century and entered the new century. In 1900, the 2,000-strong Eight-Power Allied Forces regarded tens of thousands of Qing troops desperately into the city of Beijing. The Empress Dowager Cixi carried Emperor Guangxu and a large class of concubine and imperial concubine. , Which is the second shame for the dynasty after all. Polaris change, by this time, the Qing Empire, the actual Empress Empress, this real awareness of the variable method of change. On January 29, 1901, the Central Government exiled in Xi’an issued a letter of enactment announcing the change of law. Later, the government office led by Yi Tze and Li Hung-chang was set up. In July and August this year, the two most heavily guarded territorial vassals, the Governor of Huguang, Zhang Zhidong and the Governor of Liangjiang, Liu Kunyi, were the two most beloved captains of the time. They successively went on to make three interrogations, put forward the idea of ​​opening schools and educating others, changing the old law, Western France and a series of changes in the legal system. This is the famous “Jiang Chu will play a tri-fold” in the modern history of China. The various scenarios in the trifle will have become the basic mass of the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty