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客货车运行速度的提高,将使动力作用显著增加,从而引超线路和机车车辆较大的磨耗。采用橡胶-金属弹簧可以减少这种作用,因而增加线路和机车车辆的使用期限,同时提高旅客的舒适度。橡胶弹簧与其它类型弹簧比较,它的优点是:在小的弹性模数下具有较大的可逆变形,变形与载荷之间呈非线性关系,在垂直、纵向和横向均能弹性的承受作用力,比重不大,弹簧不需要油润并且可以大大降低车内噪音。1960年苏联设计了全钢四轴车辆现有转向架轴箱用的橡胶-金属弹簧(图1)。装有专门的楔块可以使弹簧装成6°,10°,和14°角。橡胶-金属弹簧是由三层V形橡胶构成的组合体,每层橡胶厚30毫米,高40毫米,宽212毫米。橡胶外层加有厚8毫米和2毫米的金属板,中间层的两面加有厚2毫
Vans speed up the operation, will make a significant increase in the role of power, leading to over-circuit and rolling stock larger wear. The use of rubber-metal springs can reduce this effect, thereby increasing the useful life of lines and rolling stock while increasing passenger comfort. Compared with other types of spring, the rubber spring has the advantages of having large reversible deformation under a small elastic modulus, a nonlinear relationship between the deformation and the load, and a resilient force vertically, longitudinally and transversely , The proportion is small, the spring does not need oil and can greatly reduce the noise inside the car. In 1960 the Soviet Union designed a rubber-metal spring for the existing bogie axlebox for all-steel four-axle vehicles (Figure 1). Specialized wedges allow the springs to be mounted at 6 °, 10 °, and 14 ° angles. The rubber-metal spring is a combination of three layers of V-shaped rubber, each 30 mm thick, 40 mm high and 212 mm wide. The outer rubber layer plus a thickness of 8 mm and 2 mm of metal plates, both sides of the middle layer plus a thickness of 2 milliliters