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目的：探讨膈肌脚的形态特点及其在胸腰椎爆裂骨折复位中的作用。方法成人胸腰段躯干标本3具，胸腰段横断面标本4套及矢状面标本1套，观察膈肌脚的形态及其与椎体、前纵韧带、椎间盘的附着关系。回顾性分析胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者资料64例（T1212例，L131例，L214例，L37例），所有患者均行经伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定，对比不同节段（T12、L1、L2、L3）手术前后伤椎Cobb角矫正量、前缘压缩率矫正量。结果左、右膈肌脚位于T12~L4椎体前方为腱肌混合结构，与前纵韧带融合。伤椎Cobb角矫正量，T12为23.9±10.5°，L120.4±10.7°，L214.5±11.4°，L311.9±8.7°，T12与L2、L3相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。伤椎前缘压缩率矫正量，T12为0.48±0.13，L10.45±0.17，L20.37±0.20，L30.30±0.18，T12、L1与L3相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 T12、L1伤椎骨折复位率优于L2、L3，膈肌脚可能在胸腰椎爆裂骨折复位中起作用。“,”Objective To study the morphological features of diaphragmatic crura and their effect on the reduction of thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods Adult thoracolumbar segments of 3 specimens were anatomized. Sections of adult thoracolumbar segments were made in 5 specimens,4 in horizontal plane and 1 in sagittal plane. The clinical data of 64 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracturewere analyzed. The involved vertebrae included T12 (12 cases), L1 (31 cases), L2(14 cases), and L3 (7 cases). All patients underwent transvertebral pedicle screws internal fixation. The correction of compression rate and the Cobb angle of different segments were compared. Results The diaphragmatic crura were sturdy structure in front of T12~L4 vertebrae, which converged with the anterior longitudinal ligament in the end. The correction of Cobb angle of T12, L1, L2, and L3 injured vertebrae were 23.9 ± 10.5° ,20.4 ± 10.7° ,14.5 ± 11.4° , and 11.9 ± 8.7° , respectively. There was statistical significant difference among T12, L2 and L3(P<0.05). The correction of compression rate of T12, L1, L2, and L3 were 0.48 ± 0.13, 0.45 ± 0.17, 0.37 ± 0.20, and 0.30 ± 0.18, respectively. There was statistical significant difference among T12, L1 and L3(P<0.05). Conclusions After transvertebral pedicle screws internal fixation, the reduction of T12 and L1 vertebrae is better than L2 and L3 vertebrae. The diaphragmatic crura may have an important effect on the reduction of thoracolumbar burst fracture.