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法人犯罪的成立,既需要具备客观要件,也需要具备主观要件。法人犯意的认定,不能简单地将法人雇员的犯意直接归属于法人,而应当将法人作为一个独立的人格体来对待,从法人整体的组织结构、决策程序、政策文化等方面来考察其犯意内容。在涉及产品质量的犯罪中,隐瞒产品缺陷是认定法人犯意的一个极其重要的因素。隐瞒产品缺陷是违反行业文化的悖德行为,是法人犯意认定的基础。如果所隐瞒的产品缺陷是国家法律、行业规范所明确禁止的,则悖德程度严重,足以认定存在犯意。在丰田“召回门”事件中,丰田公司之所以最终未被诉诸刑事审判,根本原因在于其并未向公众隐瞒产品缺陷。
The establishment of a corporate crime requires both objective elements and subjective elements. The legal person’s guilty pleas does not mean simply assigning the guilt of a legal person employee directly to a legal person, but should treat the legal person as an independent personality body and examine the guilty intent of the legal person from the aspects of organizational structure, decision-making procedure and policy culture as a whole . In the case of crimes involving product quality, concealing product defects is an extremely important factor in determining the legal person’s guilt. Concealment of product defects is a violation of the industry culture of behavior, is guilty of legal foundations. If the concealment of the product defect is a national law, industry norms explicitly prohibited, the seriousness of bad faith, sufficient to determine the existence of guilty. In the Toyota recall, the reason why Toyota was ultimately unsuccessful in criminal trials was that it did not conceal product flaws from the public.