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2011年,新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)发生输入I型脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)野病毒(Type 1 Wild Poliovirus,WPVI)并引起局部传播,共报告实验室确诊脊灰21例,分布在和田地区、喀什地区、巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(巴州)和阿克苏地区。经世界卫生组织全球脊灰实验室网络协查,此次输入的病毒源自巴基斯坦。卫生部和新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府立即启动II级应急响应,建立了与国际组织、部门之间的协作机制,加强急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute Flaccid Paralysis,AFP)病例监测,开展5轮口服脊灰减毒活疫苗应急免疫活动,共接种4300万人次。通过迅速采取正确有效的措施,阻断了输入WPVI的传播。新疆输入WPVI事件的发生,提示中国维持无脊灰存在着薄弱地区和薄弱环节,需要大力加强常规免疫服务和AFP病例监测工作。
In 2011, Type 1 Wild Poliovirus (WPVI) was imported into the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) and caused local transmission. A total of 21 cases of laboratory confirmed poliovirus were reported, distributed in the Hetian area, Kashgar region, Bayingolin Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture (Bavaria) and Aksu region. The WHO global polio laboratory network investigation, the imported virus from Pakistan. The Ministry of Health and the People’s Government of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region immediately started a Class II emergency response and established a coordination mechanism with international organizations and departments to step up monitoring of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) cases and carry out five rounds of oral polio Vaccine live vaccine emergency immunization activities, a total of 43 million inoculation. The transmission of WPW inputs was blocked by prompt and correct action. The incidence of WPVI incident in Xinjiang suggests that there are weak areas and weak links in China’s maintenance of poliomyelitis, and the need to vigorously strengthen routine immunization services and surveillance of AFP cases.