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选取不同体色的鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、鲫(Carassiusauratus)品种为实验对象,测量和观察了背部鳞片、腹部鳞片,以及彩色斑纹鳞片的色素组成和分布。结果得出,鲤、鲫鳞片上层的色素有黑色素、红色素、黄色素3种,分布于鳞片的后区,其中心区域色素浓密,外缘区域较稀疏,占整个鳞片的百分比为25%～35%。鳞片下层的色素主要是鸟粪素,镶嵌有少量的黑色素、红色素、黄色素,分布于鳞片的后区和前区,约占整个鳞片的百分比为30%～65%。并归纳总结了鲤、鲫中相近体色品种的鳞片色素分布异同点,讨论了鸟粪素在鲤、鲫鳞片上的分布特征,金鲫的体色演化,以及黑背鲤、黑背鲫中黑色素的遗传特点。研究亮点:观察了鲤、鲫背部和腹部鳞片上的色素分布状况,测量分析了鳞片下层色素区、鳞片上层色素区占整个鳞片比例的特点。拍摄了不同体色鲤、鲫鳞片一一对应的色素图谱,找出了相近体色品种的鳞片色素分布异同点,这些研究内容为揭示鲤、鲫多姿多彩的体色提供了理论依据。
The carp species (Cyprinus carpio) and Carassius auratus (Carpio carpio) were selected as the experimental objects to measure and observe the pigment composition and distribution of the back scales, abdomen scales and the color striated scales. The results showed that carp, crucian carp top color pigment melanin, red pigment, yellow pigment three kinds, located in the posterior area of the scales, the central region of pigment thick, the outer edge of the sparse area, the percentage of the entire scale is 25% ~ 35%. The pigment under the scales is mainly guanosine, inlaid with a small amount of melanin, red pigment, yellow pigment, distributed in the posterior area of the scales and the anterior region, accounting for the percentage of the entire scale of 30% to 65%. The similarities and differences in scales distribution of body color between common carp and crucian carp were summarized. The distribution characteristics of the guanosine on the scales of common carp and crucian carp were discussed. The color evolution of golden carp and the color of black carp and black carp Genetic characteristics of melanin. Research highlights: The pigment distribution on the back and abdomen scales of carp and crucian carp was observed. The characteristics of the pigment area in the lower layer and the upper layer of the scale in the whole scale were measured and analyzed. The pigment profiles of carp and crucian carp in different body colors were photographed to find out the similarities and differences in the distribution of pigment in scales of similar body color breeds. These researches provide a theoretical basis for revealing the colorful body color of carp and crucian carp.