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目的探讨早期足量胃肠道外营养对早产儿出院时体重的影响。方法将我院收治的适于胎龄的存活低出生体重早产儿256例随机分为两组,各128例,治疗组应用早期足量胃肠道外营养,对照组应用传统新生儿胃肠道外营养。计算两组患儿各营养指标及出院时宫外生长发育迟缓(EUGR)的发生率,进行统计学分析。结果治疗组除生后第7天热卡与对照组相比 (P>0．05)无显著性差异外,其他各营养指标,如生后体重下降幅度、恢复至出生体重时间、每天体重增长克数、经胃肠达到摄入标准时间、应用胃肠道外营养天数、生后第3天热卡、平均住院天数等均优于对照组(P<0．01),具有非常显著性差异;治疗组出院时发生EUGR 60例,发生率为 46．9％,对照组出院时发生EUGR 87例,发生率为68．0％(x2=11．65,P<0．01),具有非常显著性差异。结论早期足量胃肠道外营养,可减少早产低出生体重儿或极低出生体重儿EUGR的发生率,为今后实现追赶性生长打下良好基础,且未见有严重副作用,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the effect of early adequate parenteral nutrition on the weight of premature infants discharged from hospital. Methods 256 cases of low birth weight preterm infants in our hospital who were eligible for gestational age were randomly divided into two groups (128 cases each). The treatment group received early adequate parenteral nutrition while the control group received traditional neonatal parenteral nutrition . The nutritional indexes of both groups were calculated and the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) at discharge was calculated and analyzed statistically. Results There was no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group on the 7th day after birth (P> 0.05). The other nutrition indexes such as weight loss after birth, body weight return to birth weight, weight gain per day (P <0.01), and had very significant difference. The average number of days of parenteral nutrition, the number of days of parenteral nutrition, the heat card on the third day after birth, the average number of days of hospitalization and so on were all better than the control group (P <0.01) In the treatment group, 60 cases of EUGR occurred at discharge, accounting for 46.9%. In the control group, 87 cases of EUGR were discharged at discharge, the incidence was 68.0% (x2 = 11.65, P <0.01) Sex differences. Conclusions Early adequate parenteral nutrition can reduce the incidence of EUGR in preterm low birth weight or very low birth weight children and lay a good foundation for future catch-up growth with no serious side effects. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application.