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考察了加热回流法提取苍耳子油的影响因素,主要包括料液比、药材粒径、提取温度和提取时间等,并在此基础上研究其提取动力学。结果表明苍耳子油较适宜的提取条件为,m(料)∶V(溶剂)为1∶9(g/mL),药材平均粒径为60目,在80℃下提取6.5 h。动力学研究表明在不同粒径下,苍耳子油的提取动力学符合二阶溶出动力学模型,即减小药材粒径,可明显增加有效成分提取率。研究结果可为苍耳子油的提取工艺设计和操作条件的选择提供借鉴。
The factors affecting the extraction of cocklebur oil by heating and refluxing were investigated, including the ratio of solid to liquid, particle size, extraction temperature and extraction time. The extraction kinetics was also studied. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction of Xanthium oil were as follows: m (material): 1: 9 (g / mL) for V (solvent); average particle size of 60 herbs; Kinetic studies show that under different particle sizes, the extraction kinetics of Xanthium oil conforms to the second-order dissolution kinetic model, that is to reduce the particle size of medicinal materials, and can significantly increase the extraction rate of active ingredients. The results of this study can provide reference for the extraction of Xanthium oil and the choice of operating conditions.