在职业流行病学中,暴露强度、暴露期限和累积暴露量常用来代表剂量。至于用何种指标表示剂量最为合适,要视所研究疾病的发病特征而定。一般来说,最大暴露强度往往用于评价急性危害,而累积暴露量,则用于预测慢性损害。本文通过分析矽肺病例—对照研究资料,指出用最大暴露强度预测慢性损害危险性的可能性。用最大暴露强度预测慢性疾病发生的危险度,需具备两个条件:一是毒物能从体内迅速消除;二是在高暴露期间,只表现非线性关系的生物损伤。确定最大暴露强度的方法有两种:一种是把每个工人最大暴露强度,作为该工人整个工作期间所经受的最高暴露强度;另一种则 In occupational epidemiology, exposure intensity, duration of exposure, and cumulative exposure are often used to represent doses. As to what kind of indicators that the most appropriate dose, depending on the disease characteristics of the disease may be. In general, the maximum exposure intensity is often used to assess the acute hazard, while the cumulative exposure, then used to predict chronic damage. This article presents the possibility of using the maximum exposure intensity to predict the risk of chronic impairment by analyzing case-control data from silicosis. Predicting the risk of a chronic disease with maximum exposure intensity requires two conditions: first, the poison can be quickly eliminated from the body; and second, biological damage that exhibits only a non-linear relationship during high exposures. There are two ways to determine the maximum exposure intensity: one is to give the maximum exposure intensity of each worker as the highest exposure experienced by the worker throughout his work; and the other is