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薏苡在我国一直作为小杂粮种植,尽管栽培历史悠久,但缺少系统性的研究,存在起源不清、品种杂乱、种质资源丢失和利用效率低等问题。随着薏苡保健功能和癌症防治功效研究的不断挖掘与深入,以及分子生物学技术尤其是深度测序技术的普及和成本的下降,系统性研究薏苡遇到了绝好的发展契机。对薏苡的起源与分类、营养和药用价值进行了概述,从细胞学方面分析了薏苡倍性以及与玉蜀黍族玉米属、高粱属等的亲缘关系,从分子生物学方面分析了DNA分子标记、遗传图谱和基因文库在鉴别物种亲缘关系以及遗传育种等研究中的重要意义,以期为薏苡的深入研究提供理论参考。
Coix has been planted as a minor cereal in our country. Although its cultivation has a long history, it lacks systematic research and has problems such as unclear origin, messy varieties, loss of germplasm resources and low utilization efficiency. With the research on the function and prevention and cure of Job’s tears and the prevention and treatment of Coix, the systematic study of Coix lachryma has met with an excellent opportunity for development. In addition, the popularity and cost of molecular biology techniques, especially deep sequencing, have declined. The origin and classification of Coix lachryma - jobi, nutrition and medicinal value were summarized. The genetic relationship between Coix lachryma - jobi and maize genus Maize, Sorghum genus was analyzed cytologically. DNA molecular markers were analyzed from molecular biology, Genetic map and gene library in the identification of species-related genetic and genetic breeding and other important significance in order to provide in-depth study of Coix provide a theoretical reference.