传统的偏振成像技术存在偏振成像实时性差、多光谱偏振成像困难和无法实现高光谱偏振成像等问题。针对这些问题,提出了一种新的基于信号调制解调理论的偏振成像理论,并根据该理论提出了一种基于光栅色散的光谱调制型高光谱偏振成像仪。该偏振成像仪首先测得被偏振调制过的光谱信号,再经过频域滤波与反演计算获得高光谱图像与偏振图像,因此该偏振成像仪可实现高光谱全偏振成像,并且可将高光谱成像与偏振成像完美融合。通过仿真实验验证了所提偏振成像仪在理论上的正确性。 The traditional polarization imaging technology has the problems of poor real-time polarization imaging, multi-spectral polarization imaging and hyperspectral polarization imaging. Aiming at these problems, a new polarization imaging theory based on signal modulation and demodulation theory is proposed. Based on the theory, a spectral chirped spectrum-based hyperspectral polarization imager based on grating dispersion is proposed. The polarization imager first measures the polarization-modulated spectral signal, and then obtains the hyperspectral image and the polarized image through frequency-domain filtering and inversion calculation. Therefore, the polarization imager can realize hyperspectral full-polarization imaging, and can convert hyperspectral Imaging and polarization imaging perfect fusion. The simulation results verify the theoretical accuracy of the proposed polarimetric imager.