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具有可持续性是人类生存和社会发展的唯一选择,然而近100多年来,人类社会在人口增长、全球气候变化、淡水资源短缺、不可再生资源终将耗尽(能源、矿石)、农业生产、持久性有害物质在生态环境积累、大量物种加速灭绝等方面,呈现不可持续性特征,人类的宜居家园破坏殆尽。在此背景下,工业生态学、绿色化学理念应运而生,并表明改变使用资源的类型和方式势在必行。植物制造的生物量属可再生资源,可生物降解、参加生物圈循环,具有诸多资源和环境优势;然而光合作用的能量转化效率不到5%,生物量的大规模生产,还存在土地和淡水资源等障碍。因此,需要进行叶绿素工作机理仿生学研究,开发高效利用太阳能的生物催化剂;光分解水可以获得氢能源,因此,以大气层中的CO2及水为原料,光合成生物质能源、生物降解高分子材料、高纯度纸浆纤维素、棉纤维、碳纤维原料的高规整度纤维素等,获得人类必需的资源和能源(并可逆转气候变化),此举是可持续发展的最佳选择。
Sustainability is the only choice for human survival and social development. However, in the past 100 years or so, human society has witnessed great changes in population growth, global climate change, shortage of freshwater resources, depletion of non-renewable resources (energy and ore), agricultural production, Persistent hazardous substances have unsustainable features in ecological environment accumulation and accelerated extinction of a large number of species, and human beings’ livable homes have been destroyed. Against this background, the concepts of industrial ecology and green chemistry came into being, indicating that it is imperative to change the types and ways of using resources. Biomass produced by plants is a renewable resource that is biodegradable and participates in the biospheric cycle with many resources and environmental advantages; however, photosynthesis energy conversion efficiency is less than 5%, large-scale production of biomass, and land and freshwater resources Other obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of chlorophyll and to develop a biocatalyst that uses solar energy efficiently. Photolysis water can obtain hydrogen energy. Therefore, taking CO2 and water in the atmosphere as raw materials, photosynthesis of biomass energy, biodegradable polymer materials, High-purity pulp cellulose, cotton fiber, high-regularity cellulose of carbon fiber raw material, etc., access to human resources and energy (and can reverse climate change) are the best choices for sustainable development.