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一、学习要求 1.正确理解碳元素的原子结构,了解有机化合物的特点以及与结构的关系。 2.掌握甲烷、乙烯、乙炔和苯等各类烃的代表物的分子结构、重要性质、制法和用途。并在此基础上认识各类烃的通式、通性以及它们性质和分子结构间的关系。 3.掌握同系物,同分异构现象和同分异构体及烃基等基本概念。做到六个碳原子以内的烷烃和结构较简单的其它类别的烃的同分异构体的推写,做到对结构较简单的烃会命名,反过来,知道命名也会写出其烃的结构简式。 4.初步了解石油的成分、分馏、裂化和煤的干馏的基本原理和广泛应用。
First, the learning requirements 1. Correct understanding of the atomic structure of carbon, to understand the characteristics of organic compounds and the relationship with the structure. 2. To master the molecular structure, important properties, preparation methods and uses of representatives of various hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, acetylene, and benzene. On this basis, the general formulae, general properties of various types of hydrocarbons, and the relationship between their properties and their molecular structures are known. 3. Master basic concepts such as homologues, isomeric phenomena and isomers and hydrocarbon groups. To write the isomers of alkanes within 6 carbon atoms and simpler structures of other classes of hydrocarbons, to name the simpler hydrocarbons, and in turn, to know the nomenclature will write its hydrocarbons. The simple structure. 4. Understand the basic principles and extensive applications of petroleum composition, fractionation, cracking, and coal retorting.