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“压出”是煤层边缘的一种动力现象,这种现象早已出现在顿巴斯矿区并且进行了深入的研究。“压出”发生的条件是:开采深度在300～400米以上[1],围岩坚硬,煤层厚度小强度大。煤层破坏时,采区瓦斯涌出量小。“压出”发生在一瞬间,此时的顶底板相对移动量占采煤班总移动量的 25～60％。由于“压出”发生在一瞬间,因此难于查明,这在很大程度上妨碍了寻找预防的科学根据。 在工作面控顶区内,弹性煤层在顶底板相对移动的影响下产生垂直的相对变形量ε_1。此时的相对变形量ε_2等于零。变形量ε_3(沿巷道轴线)由这个方向的应力σ_3确定。
“Extruding” is a dynamic phenomenon on the edge of the coal seam, and this phenomenon has already appeared in the Donbas mine area and has been studied in depth. The condition of “extruding” is: the mining depth is above 300 ~ 400 meters [1], the surrounding rock is hard and the seam thickness is small and strong. Seam destruction, the mining area gas emission is small. “Pressure out” occurred in a moment, at this time the relative movement of the top floor accounted for 25-60% of the total movement of coal mining class. The “pinch-out” took place in a flash and therefore difficult to ascertain, which largely hindered the search for a scientific basis for prevention. In the control area of the working face, the elastic seam has a vertical relative deformation of ε_1 under the influence of the relative movement of roof and floor. The relative deformation ε 2 at this time is equal to zero. The deformation ε_3 (along the lane axis) is determined by the stress σ_3 in this direction.