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鱼类病毒性神经坏死病是近年来严重危害海水鱼类,引起暴发性流行的重大病害之一。目前,已知受神经坏死病毒感染的鱼类达40多种。该病毒包括4 种血清型,即红鳍东方鲀神经坏死病毒、拟鲹神经坏死病毒、条斑星鲽神经坏死病毒、赤点石斑鱼神经坏死病毒。患病鱼常表现出游泳异常,身体失去平衡等典型神经性疾病症状。病理组织学观察可见中枢神经系统特别是脑和视网膜出现严重的坏死、空泡化。病毒可通过垂直和水平两种途径传播。关于病毒的命名、感染机制及其防治还需深入研究。
Viral necrotic diseases of fish are one of the major diseases that have seriously endangered marine fish and caused an outbreak of epidemic in recent years. At present, there are more than 40 kinds of fish known to be infected by the nerve necrosis virus. The virus includes four kinds of serotypes, namely, red-winged oriental nerve necrosis virus, pseudo-nerve necrosis virus, Streak nocturnal nervous necrosis virus, red spot grouper neural necrosis virus. Diseased fish often show abnormal swimming, loss of balance and other typical symptoms of neurological diseases. Histopathological observation showed that the central nervous system, especially the brain and retina, developed severe necrosis and vacuolization. The virus can spread both vertically and horizontally. Naming the virus, the mechanism of infection and its prevention needs further study.