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五四运动是中国近代化文化上的理性追求和历史必然1840年,列强的炮火打碎了天朝上国不可战胜的神话,从此,中华民族踏上了一片充满屈辱与痛苦的历史沼泽地。领土的流失和主权的沦丧迫使这个古老民族的精英阶层和知识分子开始构建种种救国方案和近代的图景。中国人对西方文明的认同首先是从物器的经验层面开始的。人们首先看到的是西方的“船坚炮利”和先进的技术工具。诸如“师夷之长技以制夷”就是人们对中西差距在观念态度上的反应。而1861年开始的以“自强”为目标,以引进西方各种先进技术为内容的洋务运动则是这种观念的现实化。为时不久,1895年中日甲午战争的惨败裁定了这种肤浅的物质救国论方案的失败。挫败使人们认识到,不从根本上改造变革束缚、摧残人的结构性
The May 4th Movement is a Culturally Rational Pursuit and Historical Necessity of China’s Modernization In 1840, the mighty artillery fire of the great powers smashed the invincible myth of the heavenly kingdom. As a result, the Chinese nation embarked on a historical wetland full of humiliation and pain. The loss of territory and the loss of sovereignty have forced the elite of this ancient nation and intellectuals to begin to construct various programs of salvation and modern times. The Chinese people’s recognition of Western civilization starts with the experience level of objects. The first thing people see is the West’s “ship’s gun cannon” and advanced technology tools. Such as “teacher’s ability to control the barbarians” is people’s reaction to the gap between China and the West in the attitude and attitude. The concept of “Westernization Movement”, which started with “self-improvement” in 1861 and introduced various advanced Western technologies, is the realization of this concept. Shortly after that, the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1895 ruled the failure of this superficial materialistic theory of national salvation. Frustration makes people realize that not to fundamentally transform the shackles of change, devastating the structural