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支气管肺泡灌洗和镓-67扫描等方法的应用,对认识病因不明的问质性肺部疾病[结节病及特发性肺纤维化(IPE)等]方面有了很大进展。这些方法可应用于研究职业性因素或环境因素引起的间质性肺部疾病,如石棉肺、矽肺、煤工尘肺、铍病和过敏性肺炎等。尘肺的特点,不仅具有特征性肺纤维化,而且先有肺泡和肺泡组织的炎症,称为“肺泡炎”。肺泡炎是理解上述疾病的关键。肺泡炎的特点是炎症细胞和免疫效应细胞增多,由于这些细胞构成上的改变,将使一种或几种细胞类型成为主要类型,并导致一种或
The application of bronchoalveolar lavage and gallium-67 scans has made great progress in the understanding of idiopathic pulmonary diseases of unknown etiology [sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPE)]. These methods can be used to study interstitial lung diseases caused by occupational factors or environmental factors, such as asbestosis, silicosis, coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, beryllium and allergic pneumonia. The characteristics of pneumoconiosis, not only with characteristic pulmonary fibrosis, but also the first inflammation of the alveoli and alveolar tissue, known as “alveolitis.” Alveolitis is the key to understanding the above diseases. Alveolitis is characterized by an increase in inflammatory cells and immune effector cells that, due to the structural changes in these cells, will predominate one or several cell types and result in a