[主持人语]哲学是一门反思性的学问,而“反思”也是西方哲学中的一个重要概念。不过,“反思”正式成为一个哲学概念,是从近代西方才开始的。首位将“反思”作为一个哲学概念来使用的哲学家是英国经验论者洛克。他在《人类理解论》中提出,反思在人类认识的初始阶段便发挥作用,是简单观念的来源之一。荷兰哲学家斯宾诺莎则认为,反思是人们认识真理的较高级方 [Moderator language] Philosophy is a reflexive knowledge, and “Reflection ” is also an important concept in Western philosophy. However, “reflection ” formally became a philosophical concept, which started from the modern West. The first philosopher to use “reflection” as a philosophical concept is Locke, a British empiricist. He pointed out in “Human Understanding Theory” that reflection plays a role in the initial stage of human cognition and is one of the sources of simple ideas. Spinoza, a Dutch philosopher, argues that reflection is the higher party in which people know the truth