巴尔扎克(1799～1850),19世纪法国伟大的批判现实主义作家,欧洲批判现实主义文学的奠基人和杰出代表。100多年来,他的作品传遍了全世界,对世界文学的发展和人类进步产生了巨大的影响。马克思、恩格斯称赞他是“超群的小说家”、“现实主义大师”。他经历了法国近代史上一个动荡的时期(拿破仑帝 Balzac (1799-1850), the great French critical writer in 19th century, the founder and outstanding representative of European critical realism literature. For more than 100 years, his works have spread all over the world, exerting a tremendous influence on the development of world literature and human progress. Marx and Engels praised him as a “great novelist” and “realist.” He experienced a turbulent period in the modern history of France (Napoleon’s emperor