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目的掌握农民工人群艾滋病相关知识水平、实施艾滋病预防行为的动机、行为技巧以及农民工人群的性行为情况,探讨信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型在农民工人群的适用性及艾滋病预防行为的影响因素。方法在哈尔滨地区抽取建筑工地21处,用自制问卷对工地的农民工进行现场匿名调查。资料应用Epidata3.1软件进行数据录入,使用SAS 9.1软件进行资料整理与统计分析,应用AMOS 18软件进行IMB模型的结构方程模型分析。结果农民工艾滋病基本知识知晓率为58.21%。不同文化程度以及不同家庭住址艾滋病基本知识知晓率存在差别。在所调查人群中,有固定性伴的人数占总人数的82.29%,有过固定性伴以外性行为的人数占总人数的17.58%。固定性伴性行为及非固定性伴性行为中,每次都使用安全套的比例分别为2.42%和8.20%。非固定性伴性行为的人数占总人数的14.41%,而其中安全套使用者占54%。IMB模型拟合良好(c2=184.995,DF=59,NC=3.136,RMR=0.076,RMSEA=0.079,GFI=0.927,CFI=0.915)。动机对行为技巧的回归系数为0.634,行为技巧对行为的回归系数为0.627,信息对行为技巧及行为的回归系数无统计学意义。动机对行为的回归系数无统计学意义。结论农民工人群艾滋病知识结构不平衡,对血液传播及性行为传播途径掌握程度高,对非传播途径和预防措施掌握程度低。农民工人群性行为时安全套的使用率低。IMB模型在农民工人群适用。动机和行为技巧是影响艾滋病预防行为的重要因素,其中行为技巧直接影响预防行为,动机通过激发行为技巧来间接影响预防行为。
Objective To understand the AIDS-related knowledge of migrant workers, the motivation and behavioral skills of HIV / AIDS prevention and behavior of migrant workers, and to explore the applicability of information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model to migrant workers and HIV / AIDS prevention behavior The impact of factors. Methods Twenty-one construction sites were sampled in Harbin, and on-site anonymous investigations were conducted on migrant workers at construction sites using self-made questionnaires. The data were input by using Epidata3.1 software, SAS 9.1 software was used for data collation and statistical analysis, AMOS 18 software was used to analyze the structural equation model of IMB model. Results The awareness rate of basic knowledge about AIDS among migrant workers was 58.21%. Different levels of knowledge and knowledge of AIDS at different home addresses there are differences. Among the surveyed population, 82.29% of the total number of people with fixed sexual partners, and 17.58% of the total number of people who had regular sexual partners. In fixed sex partners and non-regular sex partners, the proportion of condom use was 2.42% and 8.20% respectively. The number of non-fixed sex partners accounted for 14.41% of the total number, of which condom users accounted for 54%. The IMB model fits well (c2 = 184.995, DF = 59, NC = 3.136, RMR = 0.076, RMSEA = 0.079, GFI = 0.927, CFI = 0.915). The regression coefficient of motivation to behavioral skills was 0.634, the regression coefficient of behavioral skills to behavior was 0.627, and the regression coefficient of information on behavioral skills and behavior was not statistically significant. The regression coefficient of motivation to behavior was not statistically significant. Conclusion The knowledge structure of AIDS among migrant workers is imbalanced, and it has a high degree of mastery of blood transmission and transmission of sexual behaviors, and low mastery of non-transmission routes and preventive measures. Low rates of condom use among migrant workers during sex. IMB model is suitable for migrant workers. Motivation and behavioral skills are important factors affecting AIDS prevention behavior. Among them, behavioral skills directly affect preventive behavior, and motivation indirectly affects preventive behavior by stimulating behavioral skills.