历史的经验告诉我们,闭关自守只能落后挨打,改革开放才能繁荣社会主义经济。邓小平对外开放理论不是抽象地论述对外开放的一般问题和原则,而是把马列主义紧密地和中国的现实情况相结合,提出了经济落后的社会主义中国必须对外开放的理论,这是对传统政治经济学的突破性发展,也是科学社会主义理论的历史性飞跃。本文从邓小平对外开放思想的“理论观点、基本原则、形成发展、指导意义”四个方面进行分析探讨。 Historical experience tells us that retreat can only lag behind and beaten, and that reform and opening up can prosper the socialist economy. Instead of abstractly discussing the general problems and principles of opening to the outside world, Deng Xiaoping’s theory of opening to the outside world has combined Marxism-Leninism with the reality of China closely and put forward the theory that an economically backward socialist China must be open to the outside world. The breakthrough in economics is also a historic leap in the theory of scientific socialism. This article analyzes and discusses from four aspects: “theoretical point of view, basic principle, forming development and guiding significance” of Deng Xiaoping’s thought of opening to the outside world.