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目的了解重庆市中小学校的直饮水卫生现状,为监督管理,防控介水传染病发生提供相关依据。方法调查重庆市主城及非主城15区县辖区内207所学校2014年直饮水卫生现状。结果在207所中小学校中,从业人员持健康证明占40.8%;96.1%的学校有有效卫生许可批件;96.7%的学校有专职管理部门或人员;89.9%的学校建立相关管理制度;有卫生信息公示制度的学校占56.1%;有滤芯更换记录的单位占82%;84%的学校周围无污染源;在检测的14项直饮水参数中,耗氧量合格率、细菌总数合格率仅约80%,其余12项参数合格率均大于90%。主城区的学校在具备出水水质检验以及管理人员持有效健康证方面均低于非主城区学校(P均<0.05),在学校水源周围有污染源方面,主城区学校高于非主城区学校(P<0.05)。结论重庆市学直饮水卫生质量存在隐患,耗氧量和细菌菌落数未完全达标,应当引起教育部门及卫生监督部门重视;监督主城区学校及时进行水质检验以及提高水质管理人员有效健康证明持有率是今后监督工作的重点。
Objective To understand the status quo of direct drinking water hygiene in primary and secondary schools in Chongqing and provide relevant evidences for supervision and prevention of waterborne infectious diseases. Methods To investigate the status of direct drinking water hygiene in 207 schools in 15 districts and counties of main city and non-main city of Chongqing in 2014. Results Among the 207 primary and secondary schools, health professionals accounted for 40.8%; 96.1% of the schools had valid health permits; 96.7% of the schools had full-time management departments or personnel; 89.9% of the schools established relevant management systems; and there was health information Accounting for 56.1% of the schools with publicity system; 82% of the units with filter replacement records; 84% of the schools without pollution sources; among the 14 drinking water parameters tested, the qualified rate of oxygen consumption and the total number of bacteria passed only about 80% , The remaining 12 parameters pass rate of more than 90%. Schools in main urban areas were lower than those in non-main urban schools (P <0.05) in both water quality inspection and managers’ health certificates (P <0.05). Schools in primary schools were higher than non-primary schools (P <0.05). Conclusions There is a hidden danger to the hygiene quality of Xuezhi drinking water in Chongqing. The oxygen consumption and the number of bacterial colonies are not completely up to standard, which should be paid more attention by the education department and the health supervisory department. The supervising schools in the main city should timely conduct the water quality inspection and enhance the effective health certificate of the water quality managers Rate is the focus of supervision in the future.