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静电纺丝技术主要用于纳米纤维的生产。早在1934年,Formhals就在其专利中报道了该项技术。最近几年,研究者们将静电纺丝技术应用于如生物多聚体、工程塑料、导电聚合物、嵌段聚合物、陶瓷和复合原料的纳米纤维生产,得到可控直径的纳米纤维。通过改变纳米纤维之间的排列与堆积方式,可以得到各种复合材料。排列整齐的纳米纤维可用于复合材料、结构增强体、电化学传感材料、骨架和组织工程材料的制造。静电纺纳米纤维膜具有比表面积大、孔隙率高等特点,适合做化学吸附材料和军用、民用的过滤材料。
Electrospinning technology is mainly used for the production of nanofibers. As early as 1934, Formhals reported on the technology in its patent. In recent years, researchers have applied electrospinning technology to the production of nanofibers such as biopolymers, engineering plastics, conductive polymers, block polymers, ceramics and composite materials to obtain controlled diameter nanofibers. By changing the arrangement and stacking of nanofibers, a variety of composites can be obtained. The well-aligned nanofibers are used in the manufacture of composites, structural reinforcements, electrochemical sensing materials, scaffolds, and tissue engineering materials. Electrospun nanofiber membrane has a large specific surface area, high porosity, suitable for chemical adsorption materials and military, civilian filter material.