论文部分内容阅读
古土壤蕴含着其形成时期的表生环境特征,是研究过去环境变化的重要地质记录。受长期埋藏与成岩作用影响,深时古土壤形态特征与现代土壤存在差别,但仍保留明显区别于相邻岩层的土壤发生学特征。土壤发生层、根系痕迹、新生体、微形态等特征有助于辨识古土壤,而古土壤元素地球化学、成壤碳酸盐C、O同位素等是判断古土壤发育强度和重建古环境与古气候的重要方法。深时古土壤记录了前寒武纪大气组成与生物演变、泥盆纪乔木出现、二叠纪末的气候突变、白垩纪大气CO2波动、早始新世的高热气候及晚新生代高原隆升等重要环境与气候变化事件,在地球表层系统的“深时研究计划”中发挥着重要作用。目前古土壤学在埋藏与成岩作用影响、环境替代指标、古环境重建模型、时间分辨率等方面有待深入研究。
The ancient soil contains the characteristics of epigenetic environment during its formation and is an important geological record for studying the past environmental changes. Under the influence of long-term burial and diagenesis, the morphological characteristics of ancient soils were different from those of modern soils, but the characteristics of soil genera that were obviously different from those of the adjacent strata were retained. The characteristics of soil layer, root trace, new body and micromorphology are helpful to identify ancient soil. The elements of geochemistry of ancient soil, C and O isotopes of carboniferous carbonate are the indicators of ancient soil development intensity and reconstruction of ancient environment and ancient An important method of climate. Deep Paleozoic records the composition and evolution of Precambrian atmospheric composition, Devonian arboreal, Permian climatic abrupt changes, Cretaceous atmospheric CO2 fluctuation, Early Eocene hyperthermia and late Cenozoic uplift Other important environmental and climate change events play an important role in the “deep research program” of the Earth’s surface system. At present, palaeontology has yet to be further studied in the aspects of burial and diagenesis, environmental replacement indicators, palaeo-environment reconstruction model and time resolution.