热处理(淬火或正常化)时,由于冷却工件的结果,会在工件内引起应力,其数值基本上决定于工件尺寸、金属性质、及冷却速度。乌位两机器制造厂中央实验室研究所得的结果指出,在直径为180公厘的工件表面上,水淬后,会引起拉伸应力,其数值为60公斤/平方公厘。 M.B.亚古托维契及д.г.古诺萨夫发现在巨型工件(直径640公厘)表面上,甚至在空气中冷却后,会引起20至30公斤/平方公厘的压缩应力; During heat treatment (quenching or normalization), stress is induced in the workpiece as a result of cooling the workpiece, and the value is basically determined by the size of the workpiece, the nature of the metal, and the cooling rate. The results of a study conducted by the Central Laboratory of the Uyghur-Hakata Machine Factory indicated that on the surface of a workpiece with a diameter of 180 mm, water quenching causes a tensile stress of 60 kg/mm2. M.B. Agoutovich and д.г. Gonousav found that on the surface of giant workpieces (diameter 640 mm), even after cooling in the air, they cause compressive stresses of 20 to 30 kg/mm2;