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目的探讨城市学龄儿童超重、肥胖与血压、血脂和血糖等心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性。方法采用多阶段分层抽样,测定石家庄市区913名7～13岁儿童的身高、体重、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)和空腹血糖水平。结果儿童超重和肥胖总检出率为29.24%(男34.98%,女24.23%)。与正常儿童相比,超重和肥胖儿童的SBP、DBP、TC和TG水平明显升高,HDLC明显降低。超重和肥胖儿童的高血压、高TG、高TC、高血糖和低HDLC检出率也明显高于正常儿童。校正年龄和性别后,超重和肥胖儿童的SBP、DBP、TC、TG、血糖升高和HDLC降低的危险性分别为正常儿童的6.77、3.22、2.55、6.42、3.85和2.94倍(95%CI分别是4.15～11.04、1.38～7.49、1.59～4.11、3.46～11.92、1.69～8.78和1.83～4.73);超重与肥胖儿童有任意1、2、3个所选心血管疾病危险因素的危险性分别是正常儿童的2.74、13.15和15.33倍(95%CI分别是1.92～3.92、6.69～25.87和4.17～56.39)。结论儿童期超重与肥胖增加儿童心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性以及儿童获得多个心血管疾病的危险性。控制儿童超重和肥胖有助于心血管疾病的早期预防。
Objective To investigate the clustering of risk factors of overweight, obesity and blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose in urban school-age children. Methods A total of 913 children aged 7 to 13 years in Shijiazhuang were enrolled in this study. The changes of body weight, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, Density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and fasting blood glucose levels. Results The total detection rate of overweight and obesity in children was 29.24% (34.98% male and 24.23% female). Compared with normal children, SBP, DBP, TC and TG levels were significantly increased in overweight and obese children, HDLC was significantly lower. Hypertension, high TG, high TC, high blood sugar and low HDLC in overweight and obese children were also significantly higher than those in normal children. After adjusting for age and gender, the risk of SBP, DBP, TC, TG, hyperglycemia, and HDLC in overweight and obese children were 6.77, 3.22, 2.55, 6.42, 3.85 and 2.94 times higher than those in normal children (95% CI Is 4.15 ~ 11.04, 1.38 ~ 7.49, 1.59 ~ 4.11, 3.46 ~ 11.92, 1.69 ~ 8.78 and 1.83 ~ 4.73 respectively). The risk of any one, two, three selected risk factors of cardiovascular disease in overweight and obesity children is The normal children were 2.74, 13.15 and 15.33 times (95% CI 1.92 to 3.92, 6.69 to 25.87 and 4.17 to 56.39, respectively). Conclusion Childhood overweight and obesity increase the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors in children and the risk of multiple cardiovascular disease in children. Control overweight and obesity in children contributes to the early prevention of cardiovascular disease.