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目的研究口腔基底样鳞状细胞癌的临床病理学特点。方法用ＨＥ染色、病理学观察及免疫组织化学染色法对１４例基底样鳞状细胞癌进行了分析。结果口腔基底样鳞状细胞癌占口腔鳞状细胞癌的１％，男性多于女性，可发生在口腔粘膜任何部位，临床表现主要为肿物和溃疡。肿瘤由基底样细胞和鳞状细胞构成，以基底样细胞为主，常形成粉刺样坏死，核分裂较多，邻近上皮常有异常增生。肿瘤细胞角蛋白ＡＥ１／３、ＣＫ１３阳性，Ｓ１００阴性，增殖细胞核抗原（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ，ＰＣＮＡ）阳性细胞多，ｐ５３阳性率为５０％。３５．７％的病例初次手术时已有淋巴结转移。结论口腔基底样鳞状细胞癌较普通鳞状细胞癌恶性程度高，具有独特的组织学特点，临床及病理上应予重视。
Objective To study the clinicopathological features of basal squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Methods 14 cases of basal-like squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by HE staining, pathological observation and immunohistochemical staining. Results The oral basal squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 1% of the oral squamous cell carcinoma, more males than females, can occur in any part of the oral mucosa, and the clinical manifestations are mainly tumors and ulcers. The tumor is composed of basal-like cells and squamous cells. The basal-like cells are the main type, and often form acne-like necrosis with more nuclear division. The adjacent epithelium often has abnormal proliferation. The tumor cell keratin AE1/3, CK13 positive, S-100 negative, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells, p53 positive rate was 50%. 35.7% of cases had lymph node metastasis at the time of initial surgery. Conclusion The oral basal squamous cell carcinoma is more malignant than the common squamous cell carcinoma and has unique histological features. Clinical and pathological aspects should be emphasized.