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目的了解医务人员血源性职业暴露的特点和危险因素,探讨防范对策。方法对2012年登记的医务人员职业暴露卡片进行整理分析。结果 38名职业暴露中,护士29例,占76.32%;医生7例占18.42%;保洁员和陪护家属各1例,分别占2.63%。其中锐器伤37例,占97.36%。23例暴露源患者为HBV阳性,10例源患者为HCV阳性,3例暴露源不确定,药物性肝炎和酒精性肝炎各1例。结论必须加强医务人员职业暴露的安全防范教育培训,严格执行操作技术规范及采取标准预防措施,最大限度防止职业暴露的发生,降低职业风险。
Objective To understand the characteristics and risk factors of blood-based occupational exposure of medical staff and to explore preventive measures. Methods The medical staff occupational exposure cards registered in 2012 were analyzed. Results Among the 38 occupational exposures, 29 were nurses (76.32%), 7 (18.42%) were doctors, and 1 (1.63%) were cleaners and their accompanying dependents respectively. Including sharp injuries in 37 cases, accounting for 97.36%. Twenty-three of the 23 exposed patients were positive for HBV, 10 were HCV-positive, 3 were unexplained, 1 was drug-induced hepatitis, and alcoholic hepatitis. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen safety education and training of occupational exposure of medical personnel, strictly implement technical specifications of operation and take standard precautionary measures to prevent occupational exposure to the greatest extent and reduce occupational risks.