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经典的马克思社会再生产公式里劳动者没有储蓄,与现实经济中存在着数量巨大的劳动者储蓄形成很大差异。为了贴近现实的社会再生产,文章将经典的马克思再生产公式加以拓展,建立了一个劳动者有储蓄的再生产公式。经典的再生产公式可以看作劳动者有储蓄的再生产公式当储蓄率为零的特殊情形。阐述了如何通过劳动者储蓄向新增资本转化机制,实现生产资料、消费资料的供需均衡。通过解析,找到了劳动者有储蓄的社会再生产的一个调节参数,进而给出一种一般求解方法。借鉴马克思《资本论》中的一个举例,计算验证了劳动者有储蓄的社会扩大再生产的解。
The workers in the classic Marx’s social reproduction formula have no savings, which is quite different from the huge amount of laborers’ savings in the real economy. In order to be close to the reality of social reproduction, the article expands the classic formula of Marx’s reproduction and establishes a formula for the reproduction of workers’ savings. The classic formula for reproduction can be seen as a special case where the worker has a saving reproduction formula when the saving rate is zero. It elaborates how to realize the balance between supply and demand of the means of production and consumption through the mechanism of the workers’ savings to new capital conversion. Through the analysis, we find an adjustment parameter of the social reproduction of workers with savings, and then give a general solution. Drawing on an example from Marx’s “Capitalism”, the calculation verifies that the laborers have a solution to the expansion of social reproduction.