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针对夜间溢油探测问题,提出了一种通过紫外(UV)LED诱导并基于高光谱波段差辐射指数的探测方法。通过高光谱成像仪,同步采集了紫外LED和卤素灯两种照明方式下的原油、乳化油和本底海水的高光谱图像。基于33个波段(400~720 nm)辐射值构建了波段差指数作为溢油鉴别特征。特征优化方面,通过增L减R法、Fisher法进行了有效波长的选择,通过多维尺度分析、主成分分析(PCA)、独立分量分析进行了波段特征提取,通过径向基函数-支持向量机模型对结果进行识别。结果表明,基于紫外LED的高光谱波段差指数的溢油探测模式,比卤素灯的波段均值识别率分别提高了6.01%和8.17%,因此紫外LED光源更适合夜间溢油及乳化的准确探测。并且,通过Fisher有效波长选择和通过PCA得到的特征组合两种方法识别效果相当,优选的3波段特征的紫外识别率分别达到了85.89%和87.02%,12特征的溢油准确率均达到了100%,通过Fisher法提取的有效波长(400~420 nm),更适合于实际在线溢油探测。紫外诱导下高光谱的成像的海洋溢油鉴别模型,为夜间海洋溢油探测提供了一种快速鉴别方法。
Aiming at the problem of nighttime oil spill detection, a detection method based on difference radiation index of hyperspectral band induced by ultraviolet (UV) LED was proposed. Hyperspectral images of crude oil, emulsified oil and background seawater were collected simultaneously by two kinds of illumination methods: ultraviolet LED and halogen lamp. Based on the 33 bands (400 ~ 720 nm) radiation values, the band difference index was constructed as the oil spill identification feature. In the aspect of feature optimization, Fisher’s effective wavelength selection is made by adding L minus R method, band feature extraction is carried out by multi-dimensional scale analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis, and radial basis function-support vector machine The model identifies the result. The results show that the UV spectrum of the oil spectrum based on the UV spectrum of the hyperspectral band has an increase of 6.01% and 8.17% respectively compared with that of the halogen lamp. Therefore, the UV LED light source is more suitable for the accurate detection of oil spill and emulsification at night. In addition, the identification results by Fisher’s effective wavelength selection and PCA combination are equivalent. The UV recognition rates of the three-band feature are 85.89% and 87.02%, respectively, and the 12 characteristics of the oil spill rate are all 100 %, The effective wavelength (400 ~ 420 nm) extracted by Fisher method is more suitable for the actual online oil spill detection. UV-induced hyperspectral imaging of marine oil spill identification model provides a rapid identification method for ocean oil spill detection at night.