目的建立一种新型C57BL6近交系小鼠前列腺癌种植瘤动物模型,观察其生物学特性,并探讨其应用价值。方法将40只C57BL6近交系小鼠随机平均分为两组:原位组和皮下组,每组20只。在10倍显微镜辅助下将小鼠前列腺癌块分别植于原位组小鼠前列腺组织内和皮下组小鼠皮下,观察两组小鼠的肿瘤转移情况及生存期,并比较两组结果差异是否具有统计学意义。结果原位组动物在建模后第13~22天出现一般状态衰竭,下腹可触及包块,解剖见癌组织广泛浸润周围盆腔脏器,发生淋巴结转移(16/20)和肺部转移(12/20);皮下组动物生命晚期未出现远处转移。两种模型荷瘤鼠生存时间相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。原位组小鼠(17.0±3.5)d短于皮下组(31.8±4.6)d。结论小鼠前列腺癌瘤块原位种植瘤模型可较好地模拟人类前列腺癌自然生长状况,适于观察前列腺癌在人体环境条件下的生物学行为特性。小鼠前列腺癌皮下种植瘤模型具有较长的生存期,有望用于前列腺癌的实验治疗研究。 Objective To establish a new animal model of mouse inoculation of C57BL6 inbred mice and observe its biological characteristics and to explore its application value. Methods Forty C57BL6 inbred mice were randomly divided into two groups: in situ group and subcutaneous group, 20 in each group. The mice prostate cancer blocks were implanted subcutaneously in the prostatic tissue of mice in situ and subcutaneously under the microscope with 10 times microscope. The tumor metastasis and survival of the mice in both groups were observed, and whether the differences between the two groups were compared has statistical significane. Results The animals in the orthotopic group developed general failure state on the 13th to 22nd days after modeling. The lower abdomen could reach the mass. An extensive dissection around the pelvic organs was observed in the dissected tissue, with lymph node metastasis (16/20) and pulmonary metastasis / 20). There was no distant metastasis in subcutaneous animals at the later stage of life. There was significant difference in survival time between the two models (P <0.01). In situ mice (17.0 ± 3.5) d shorter than the subcutaneous group (31.8 ± 4.6) d. Conclusion The in situ tumor model of mouse prostate tumor can simulate the natural growth of human prostate cancer well and is suitable for observing the biological behavior of prostate cancer under human environmental conditions. Mouse prostate cancer subcutaneous tumor model has a longer survival period, is expected to be used for experimental treatment of prostate cancer research.