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目的探讨荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)在急性髓系白血病(AML)的诊断中的意义。方法对初发的经骨髓常规形态学、细胞化学染色和免疫分型初步诊断的10例AML-M2、19例AML-M3,11例AML不能确定为M2或者M3的患者,进行FISH技术检测AML1/ETO和/或PML/RARα融合基因,进而协助诊断和指导治疗。结果10例AML-M2中AML1/ETO融合基因阳性率40%(4/10);19例AML-M3中PML/RARα融合基因阳性率89%(17/19),1例AML1/ETO融合基因阳性,确诊为AML-M2;11例AML中AML1/ETO融合基因阳性率18%(2/11),PML/RARα融合基因阳性率45%(5/11),其余4例未检测到以上两种融合基因。结论FISH是一种敏感的分子遗传学的新技术,具有高效、快速、灵敏等优点。对AML的诊断分型具有重要帮助,进一步指导临床治疗。
Objective To investigate the significance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods 10 cases of AML-M2, 19 cases of AML-M3 and 11 cases of AML who were initially diagnosed by conventional morphological, cytochemical staining and immunophenotyping of bone marrow were enrolled in this study. FML was performed to detect AML1 / ETO and / or PML / RARα fusion genes, which in turn help diagnose and guide treatment. Results The positive rate of AML1 / ETO fusion gene was 40% (4/10) in 10 cases of AML-M2. The positive rate of PML / RARα fusion gene was 89% (17/19) in 19 cases of AML-M3 and 1 case of AML1 / ETO fusion gene Positive for AML-M2. The positive rate of AML1 / ETO fusion gene in 11 AML was 18% (2/11), the positive rate of PML / RARα fusion gene was 45% (5/11), and the other 4 cases did not detect the above two Fusion gene. Conclusion FISH is a sensitive new technique in molecular genetics, which has the advantages of high efficiency, rapidity and sensitivity. AML diagnostic typing is an important help to further guide clinical treatment.