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1840年6月,英国因向中国贩运鸦片遭到查禁而悍然发动了对中国的侵略战争,结果清政府战败,于1842年8月签订了丧权辱国的《南京条约》。从此,中国从一个独立的封建国家开始沦为半殖民地半封建国家,随着外敌不断入侵而国势日衰,人民愈困。直至1949年10月1日中华人民共和国成立,中国才得到独立和发展。今年是鸦片战争爆发150周年,本文拟从经济的角度对这场战争及其历史后果略作回顾,并从中探索几点启示,以展望未来。
In June 1840, Britain launched a war of aggression against China because of its ban on trafficking of opium to China. As a result, the Qing government defeated and signed the Nanjing Treaty of Humourism and Humiliation in August 1842. Since then, China has been degenerated into a semi-colonial and semi-colonial country from an independent feudal country. With the constant invasion by foreign enemies, the country is in decline and the people are getting poorer. Until the People's Republic of China was established on October 1, 1949, China was independent and developed. This year marks the 150th anniversary of the Opium War. This article attempts to make a brief review of the war and its historical consequences from an economic point of view, and explore some enlightenments from this to look forward to the future.