论文部分内容阅读
一、引言在微波系统中,除了无源元件(如滤波器和耦合器)和象半导体振荡器之类的有源元件外,许多微波系统都使用非互易元件。之所以是“非互易”是因为器件的特性取决于器件中信号传输的方向。例如,在某一方向信号的传输衰减很大,而在另一方面衰减则很小,因此非互易元件只能在一个方向传输信号,这种器件可用作发生器和负载间的一路(一个方向)耦合,以防止负载对发生器(隔离器)起反作用,或者用在雷达中,其作用是把连接于共用一付天线(环行器)的发射系统与接收系统分开。近来,也用作可变相移器,用于控制定向天线而勿需使用机械系统(“相控阵”)。
I. INTRODUCTION In microwave systems, many microwave systems use non-reciprocal components in addition to passive components (such as filters and couplers) and active components such as semiconductor oscillators. The reason for this is “non-reciprocity” because the device’s characteristics depend on the direction of signal transmission in the device. For example, the transmission of signals in one direction decays very much and the attenuation on the other hand is very small, so the nonreciprocal components can only transmit signals in one direction and this device can be used as a generator (generator) One direction) to prevent the load from acting on the generator (isolator) or in the radar, the effect of which is to separate the transmitting and receiving systems connected to a common antenna (circulator). Recently, it has also been used as a variable phase shifter for controlling a directional antenna without using a mechanical system (“phased array”).