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自2008年“5.12”汶川特大地震以来,中国人,中国企业表现出的慷慨,特别是中国年轻一代表现出的大无畏的志愿精神,让全世界动容。又有企业家不顾企业发展和利润,几乎是倾尽全力的“全职”参与慈善事业。有很多社会学者,乐观的认为中国社会进入了一个“全民志愿”的社会,中国的慈善事业已经发展到了相当的水平,甚至在数量上已经超过了西方很多国家。本文试从不可撤销赠与的角度,剖析慈善捐赠的法理基础,以及存在的问题。同时,试从违背意思自治基础的角度,解释目前普遍存在的“被捐赠”现象。最后,在坚定维护诚实信用原则和自愿的基础上,分析论证目前我国慈善事业的社会基础薄弱的实际,提出一些能够解决当下慈善捐赠方面问题的方法。
Since the “5.12 ” Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, the generosity shown by Chinese and Chinese enterprises, especially the dauntless volunteerism demonstrated by the younger generation in China, have made the world a more dynamic place. There are entrepreneurs regardless of business development and profits, almost all-powerful “full time ” to participate in charities. There are many sociologists who optimistically believe that Chinese society has entered a society of “universal citizenship.” China’s philanthropy has been developed to a considerable level, even more than many western nations. This article tries to analyze the legal foundation of charitable donations and the existing problems from the perspective of irrevocable gift. At the same time, we try to explain the current phenomenon of “being donated” from the perspective of violating the basis of autonomy of will. Finally, on the basis of resolutely maintaining the principle of good faith and voluntariness, we analyze and prove the current weak social foundation of our country’s philanthropy and put forward some ways to solve the current charitable donations.