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本文利用豚鼠研究了脉冲噪声和空气冲击波暴露后中耳声阻抗的变化和听阈偏移。空气冲击波为100炮实弹射击,其峰值声压级范围为172.9至190.3分贝,每次暴露计7—10个脉冲。脉冲噪声为100炮脉冲的录音磁带重放(通过扬声器系统),每次暴露计400个脉冲,峰值声压级为160分贝。空气冲击波暴露后,大多数动物鼓膜声顺图的变化提示其听阈偏移可能是由于中耳损伤所引起的。至于脉冲噪声,虽然动物的听阈偏移是明显的,但中耳损伤并不十分严重。很可能脉冲噪声所产生的听阈偏移与内耳损伤有关,本实验还讨论了正常和异常的鼓膜声顺图。
In this paper, guinea pigs were used to study the change of acoustic impedance and the threshold shift of middle ear after impulse noise and air shock wave exposure. The air blast was shot at 100 artillery fire and its peak sound pressure level ranged from 172.9 to 190.3 dB with 7-10 pulses per exposure. The impulse noise is 100 shots of audible tape playback (through the speaker system) with 400 pulses per exposure and a peak SPL of 160 dB. Changes in the echography of most animal eardrums after exposure to air shock wave suggest that the shift in hearing threshold may be due to damage to the middle ear. As for the impulsive noise, although the animal’s hearing threshold shift is obvious, the middle ear injury is not very serious. It is likely that the threshold shift due to impulse noise is associated with damage to the inner ear. This experiment also discusses the normal and abnormal echogenic diagram of the tympanic membrane.