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赫兹1857年4月22日生于德国汉堡的一个律师家里。他从小就喜欢工艺劳动。中学时,还在业余工艺学校里学习绘图、机床操作以及制造器械与光学仪器等技术,这对他以后进行复杂的物理试验有很大帮助。赫兹18岁中学毕业后,学了一个时期的建筑工程,21岁进入柏林大学,在著名物理学家赫尔姆霍兹和克希霍夫的教导下,开始研究物理学。22岁时,由于学习成绩优良,获得了柏林大学的奖章。在赫尔姆霍兹教授推荐下,同年他在柏林科学院宣读了一篇有关电场和电介质极化现象之间
Hertz was born on April 22, 1857, at the home of a lawyer in Hamburg, Germany. He liked craftwork since childhood. During secondary school, he also learned graphics, machine tool operations, and manufacturing equipment and optical instruments in amateur craft schools. This helped him in conducting complex physical experiments later. After graduating from her junior high school at 18 years old, Hertz studied architecture for a period of time. At the age of 21, she entered the University of Berlin and began to study physics under the guidance of the famous physicists Helmholtz and Kirchhoff. At the age of 22, he received a medal from the University of Berlin for his outstanding academic performance. At the suggestion of Professor Helmholtz, in the same year he read an article about the polarization between electric field and dielectric at the Berlin Academy of Sciences.